Computer Methods in Science Course

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Friday, April 4, 2025

Basic Comparison of C++ and HTML/JavaScript

 Here’s a basic comparison of C++ and HTML/JavaScript for common programming concepts and simple code examples for each. This will help you understand the difference in syntax, structure, and execution logic between the two environments.

📌 1. Program Structure

ConceptC++HTML/JavaScript
TypeCompiled, strongly typedInterpreted, weakly typed
Entry Pointmain() functionHTML loads, JS runs on events/load
Use CaseSystem software, algorithmsWeb development, interactivity

C++ Example

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    cout << "Hello from C++!" << endl;
    return 0;
}

HTML/JavaScript Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
  <p id="demo">Hello from HTML!</p>
  <script>
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML += " And JavaScript!";
  </script>
</body>
</html>

📌 2. Variables and Data Types

FeatureC++JavaScript
DeclarationRequires type (int, float)var, let, or const
Type SystemStatically typedDynamically typed

C++ Example

int age = 25;
float height = 5.9;

JavaScript Example

let age = 25;
let height = 5.9;

📌 3. Conditionals

C++ Example

int number = 10;
if (number > 5) {
    cout << "Greater than 5" << endl;
}

JavaScript Example

let number = 10;
if (number > 5) {
    console.log("Greater than 5");
}

📌 4. Loops

C++ Example

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    cout << i << endl;
}

JavaScript Example

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    console.log(i);
}

📌 5. Functions

C++ Example

int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

JavaScript Example

function add(a, b) {
    return a + b;
}

📌 6. User Interaction (Input/Output)

C++ Example (Console)

int age;
cout << "Enter your age: ";
cin >> age;

HTML/JavaScript Example (Web Page)

<input type="text" id="ageInput" placeholder="Enter your age">
<button onclick="getAge()">Submit</button>
<p id="output"></p>

<script>
  function getAge() {
    let age = document.getElementById("ageInput").value;
    document.getElementById("output").innerText = "Your age is " + age;
  }
</script>

📌 7. Comments

C++ Example

// This is a single-line comment
/* This is a 
   multi-line comment */

JavaScript Example

// This is a single-line comment
/* This is a 
   multi-line comment */

Summary

FeatureC++HTML/JavaScript
Used forBackend/system appsWeb frontend/interactivity
Type systemStatically typedDynamically typed
CompilationNeeds compilationRuns in browser
UI InteractionCLI (console)HTML/DOM interaction
Language ComplexityMore structured and strictMore flexible, event-driven
at

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